In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
In a separate bowl, mix the buttermilk, egg, vanilla extract, and melted butter.
Slowly pour the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients and stir until just combined.
Gently fold in the diced mango.
Heat a non-stick skillet over medium heat and lightly grease with butter or oil.
Pour about 1/4 cup of batter onto the skillet for each pancake.
Cook until bubbles form on the surface, then flip and cook the other side until golden brown.
Serve warm with whipped cream and maple syrup if desired.