Remove stems and seeds from the dried chiles and tear them into smaller pieces.
In a saucepan over medium heat, warm the oil. Add peanuts and cook for 3–4 minutes until golden.
Add sesame seeds and garlic. Stir for 1 minute.
Add arbol and guajillo chiles. Stir constantly for 1–2 minutes until fragrant. Do not burn.
Turn off heat and let the mixture cool slightly.
Transfer everything to a blender or food processor. Add salt, brown sugar, soy sauce, and apple cider vinegar.
Blend until smooth or leave slightly chunky, based on preference.
Store in a clean jar and refrigerate for up to 1 month.